Tibet History in Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)
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Tibet History in Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)

Update: Dec. 27th, 2011

Tashilhunpo Monastery

In AD 1206, Genghis Khan established the Mongolia Empire which is the largest in human's history, and unified most China area being Yuan Dynasty by Kublai Khan in 1271.

Tibet History in Ming Dynasty – Communication between Tibet and Ming Dynasty

In 1368, Ming Dynasty was established by Zhu Yuanzhang and acquired the support of some Buddhists' leaders; the capital of Ming Dynasty was Nanjing City. The Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang distributed administrative institutions particularly for the administration of Tibet region. With the familiarity of Tibet region, Ming Dynasty government have been more and more attracted for Tibetan region and appointed some famous Buddha and hierarch as the Imperial Preceptor of the State. During the authorizations of Tibet religious leaders, Karma Kargyu living Buddha has been appointed as the Dabao Chos-rgyal (in Tibetan), the leader of Sakya Sect of religious sect has been appointed as Dachen Chos-rgyal, the famous Buddhist of Gelug Sect has been appointed as Datsi chos-rgyal, all of them are the most known in Ming Dynasty.

The Dabao Chos-rgval was succeeded by karma Sect living Buddha who associated with the Emperor of Ming Dynasty in Nanjing City finally and he died in the year of 1415.

The Dachen Chos-rgyal was succeeded by Gonga Zashi (un-dgav-bkra-shis in Tibetan) who believed in Sakya Sect of religious sect. He recaptured the power of Sakya Sect from the local force by the support of Ming Dynasty.

The Datsi Chos-rgyal was succeeded by Shi Jazhi (Byams-chen chos-rje in Tibetan) who representative of Gelug Sect. According to the Tibetan historical records, Shi Jazhi has cured Emperor Zhudi and built six temples in Mountain Wutai.

During Ming Dynasty, many famous Buddhists have been appointed as Imperial Preceptor of the State such as Dabao Chos-rgval and Dachen Chos-rgval, which contained in Tibet history in Ming Dynasty.

Tibet History in Ming Dynasty – Gelug Sect

The founder of Gelug Sect, Tsongkhapa studied Buddhism in Lhasa and established Gelug Sect in 1409. The Drepung, the Sera Monastery and the Gandan monastery were praised as the three famous temples is Lhasa which established in 1416, 1419 and 1409, all of which are the early foundation of Gelug Sect. During the time of reign of Tsongkhapa, Living Buddha reincarnation system had established not yet until Gendun Gyatso was born. With the fame of Gendun Gyatso, the Living Buddha reincarnation system has become popular.

Tibet History in Ming Dynasty - Origin of Dalai Lama and Panchen Lama

The decisive establishment of Living Buddha reincarnation system was confirmed by Sonam Cyatso who was the reincarnation of Gendun Cyatso. In 1578, he was conferred as "Dalai Lama" first time during the contact by Altan Khan who was the leader of Tumo Tebu tribe of Mongolia nationally. Due to the close relationship with Altan Khan, Sonam Cyatso persuaded Altan Khan back to Mongolia which made him known in Tibet Region and Ming Dynasty as the third Dalai Lama. After his death, the fourth Dalai Lama Yonten Gyatso who was the reincarnation of Sonam Gyatso respected Losan Chitz Janzam as his teacher which was the origin of Panchen reincarnation system.

There is statue of Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty wearing monk clothing in the Potala Palace where held ceremonies for the tenth, eleventh and twelfth Dalai Lama, which was once enshrine and worship by eighth Dalai Lama in 1798.

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